Links to rhetorical tools:

Here are links to the rhetorical tools used in this class:

Schemes & Tropes -- Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca -- Fallacies -- Burke -- Rhetorical Toolbox -- Conspiracy Rhetorics

Tuesday, April 27, 2021

Social Movement Slide (not finished)

 

Note: This is only one of my slides. It will be a lot more extsive once I'm done. My plan for my slide show is to go with the same format as my Bigfoot presentation. I know it's not a lot as of right now. But I wanted to post something to at least show that I am thinking about as to how I would like to construct this slide show.

Social Movement Outline

 Introduction

Attention getter

32.7 million people. That is how many people lost their lives to AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic in June of 1981.

Thesis

*Still debating my options*

Preview

  • Protest advertisement, protest signs, Larry Kramer speech

Credibility

  • Communications major

*Connective*

Body

Primary Source #1

  • Schemes and tropes

  • O&T

*Connective*

Primary Source #2

  • Schemes and tropes

  • O&T

*Connective*

Primary Source #3

  • Schemes and tropes

  • O&T

Theory 

*connects all*

*Connective*

Conclusion

*still debating based on what thesis I choose*

Trevor Nealeigh- Social Movements Presentation Outline Blog Post

 Trevor Nealeigh- Social Movements Presentation Outline Blog Post

Introduction: "The Vietnam War was a period of great turmoil in American history. Thousands of young men were sent off into battle only to be killed soon afterwards. The United States's goal of preventing the spread of communism would slowly give way to many long years of war and suffering. Yet, many Americans disagreed with the involvement of their nation in the Vietnam War and enacted a movement for social change to end the United States's involvement in the Vietnam War."

Thesis: "The leaders of this movement against the Vietnam War utilized rhetorical concepts of various schemes, fallacies, and the notion of identification in their work to make their disapproval of their government's decisions clear while unknowingly experiencing the three phases of a social movement which are described by Leland M. Griffin in his essay, "The Rhetoric Of Historical Movements"."

Preview: "Today we are going to be analyzing some of the protest signs, propaganda posters, and songs that were utilized by the movement's leaders and see how each takes advantage of the rhetorical concepts that we have discussed in this course to work towards the goal of turning Americans against their government and decreasing American support for the Vietnam War."

Credibility: "As someone who has dedicated the past several months to studying rhetorical schemes, fallacies, and various concepts related to the growth of social movements, I have credibility for providing this analysis of this social movement."

Transition: "First, let's look at a selection of protest signs and "identify" how their creators utilize the "Toolbox" concept of identification in producing the protest signs.

Identification ("Toolbox" Concept) Analysis:

  • Reference to Geneva Accords- indicates Americans should keep agreements regarding foreign nations intact
  • Allusion to Johnson's dream of a "Great Society"- indicates how far America has fallen by encouraging the young generation representing the nation's future to die in Vietnam
  • Identification of past historical events and references is intended to create guilt in American citizens for supporting a government that has failed to honor the Geneva Accords or Johnson's dream
Transition: "Next, we will be viewing two propaganda posters for an understanding of how this movement's leaders utilized visuals to decrease Americans' support for their nation's government."

Schemes And Tropes Analysis and Synchronic Analysis:
  • Color- is utilized in the "Richard Nixon" poster to reflect the theme of age and sickliness which creates a sense of distrust within the viewer of the propaganda poster
  • "Novelty" font- is utilized in the "Richard Nixon" poster to give off an unnerving sensation within the viewer's mind and implies a commanding tone that expects the viewers of the poster to join the movement against the Vietnam War
  • Synchronic Analysis- The propaganda poster of the skeleton obscuring the imagery of "Uncle Sam" reflects how the meaning of wanting "peace" has changed over time to reflect an unwillingness to die. 


BLM Outline

  Attention getter: George Flyod. The name that reignited protests to end police brutality against the black community.


Credibility:  I have been studying the fallacy schemes and tropes, as well as the tool box tools for rhetorical analysis. 


Thesis: The BLM protests is one that shocked the whole world. With millions of people protesting this movement had one of the largest turnouts of protests in the country.


Preview: Today we are going to look at what the blm protests goals were, how it affected the world, how it changed the future for social movements, and the use of ideographs, diachronic, synchronic to look into the rhetoric of this movement.


Transition:


Overview:

  • Successesful or not? - we know it was successful in one area that Justice Flyod got justice.
  • What was their ultimate goal? - did the reach it? = protesting against incidents of police brutality and all racially motivated violence against black people.
  • What is its effect on the world?
  • How has it changed the future for other social movements?
  • How does it fit into larger social movements? 


Social movement theory/Toolbox analysis:

Ideograph:

Diachronic:

Synchronic:


Conclusion: The BLM social moment stands out from others because it has been continued even months after the riots and street protests stopped. This is what sets it apart from other movements because of its transferability.


Gay Marriage - slides presentation

Trevor Nealeigh- Social Movements Presentation Slides Blog Post

 Trevor Nealeigh- Social Movements Presentation Slides Blog Post











































Gay Marriage - Outline

 Outline

    • Intro 
      • Attention Getter : People are being discriminated against due to their gender and sexuality.
      • Thesis : Gay marriage isn't just a right. It is freedom. 
    • Body :
      • what ...
        • gay marriage represents
        • are the issues they face
        • the movement means/to change
      • why's ...
        • are people against this moment
        • are people rallying for Gay Marriage
      • how's...
        • is the movement achieving it's goal
      • SCHEMES 
        • antimetabole
        •  epanalepsis
      • VISUALS 
        • space
        • focus 
        • angle 
      • TYPE
        • style
        • emphasis
    • Conclusion :
      • Fighting an unprogressive society for freedom of lifestyle
      • change is imminent, denayal and resist is futile. 

BLM - Slides

















 



outline

 attention getter: the black panther movement, a change in history which was controversial to all but made an impact. which now brought more attention and positive action regarding the movements we have now, but whats the difference of the previous movements and what are the toolboxes used in this movement. 

thesis; by using all the toolboxes provided to me by vrooman i was able to analyze this movement. 

body

talk about manifesto and history behind black panther movement. 

analyze signs and primary sources from resources

conclusion: results from the movement what had occurred and what happened in the end/ who did it affect. 

black panther movement slides

 Black power movement.pptx


Hippie Movement Slides

















 

Hippie Movement Outline

 Final Project Outline

  • Attention Getter- Peace, love, music and weed was the foundation for the Hippies in the 60’s. And believe it or not about 50% of hippies were teachers! 

  • Thesis how the movement was a big staple in American History but didn’t actually do anything 

  • *First slide* Hippies were brought to light in the 60’s during the Vietnam War Protests, however they rarely protested political things. Manly just peace and love.

  •  Repetition of No on the poster in the middle 

  • Specific choices are inferred of love or war on the Poster 

  • Superlative of comparing love & war to be similar 

  • The unsustained loss to avoid war= avoid loss

  • Scesis onomaton when synonymous statements are made on each poster

  • geometric spacing with the illusion of depth and space within the picture 

  • full frame with focalizers of posters at an eye level shot 

  • Black or White with the assumption of "Love or War"

  • *Next Slide* The hippie movement falls under Burke’s Grotesque frame. Hippies are outsiders and out of place to normal people. As you can see their styles did not match 

  • *Next slide* This picture itself falls under the grotesque frame as that is not what you normally do with a gun at your face. Hippies approached war with love and peace.

  • Anti-model of what you normally do with a gun pointed at your face

  • Metaphor used by putting a symbol of peace into a symbol of death 

  • Black and white with steady shadows 

  • With a illusion of depth and at a high angle to where we are looking down on them

  • Appeal to consequence as flowers in the guns won’t allow them to shoot 

  • Wishful thinking that they won’t still shoot the guns 


  • Face talk about the article and what I learned from it  

  • Carlson- This theory connects to the hippie movement by providing answers of why it died off so quickly. In his paper he states that movements must have some kind of religious conviction within its roots to maintain a strong foundation. The hippy movement has no religious affiliation whatsoever. He also states that they must sacrifice something to make a big public awareness of their movement. Not everyone but someone must do this. In the hippie movement they relied off of peace and good vibes which does not constitute a strong foundation. 

  • Karshner- In his writings he writes about adequately thinking out their actions before preforming them. Which allows me to connect this as another critique of the hippy movement because no one really knew their plan or their end goal. And after researching I am not sure if the hippies knew either. They started as "Make love not war" and ended into a spiral of LSD and other various drugs. If they had an end goal then they just did not publicize it enough. But from what I have gathered their leaders would benefit from reading this article as it proved, that even over time, developing and strategizing will help you get to where you want to go. 

  • Conclude really cool about hippies and how their style is coming back

Monday, April 26, 2021

Social Media Theory Data Blog Post: Gezi Park Protest

 Primary Source #1


Burke Comedic Frame- Unlike the burlesque, it does not reject people for their foolishness; it considers them simply mistaken and therefore harmless. Burke says that comedy always ignores something significant, to focus on the happy.

Schemes:
enallageIntentional grammar misuse.= çapulcu was quickly appropriated to mean a person who fights for his or her democratic rights. They use this instead of the popular TV show name South Park.

Tropes:
Substitution- anthimeria: Substitution of one part of speech for another.= Using the word çapulcu instead of South.

P-OT:
Premise:
Abstract- the believe that all Turkish activists will have the same definition of çapulcu and understand the reference to South Park
Premise Modifiers:
Enthymeme- those who participate in the protest are becoming icons, like those in South Park.
Argument Types:
Symbolic Liaison: Order/degree- how this movement correlates with the government.


Primary Sources #2



Leland M Griffin "The Rhetoric of Historical Movements"- This image was one of the main images that many news groups used to depict the terror of the Gezi Park Protest. In Griffin's piece he identifies the phases of development for social movements, beginning with a period of inception. For the Gezi Park this is the moment of inception. "A time when the roots of a pre-existing sentiment, nourished by interested rhetoricians, begin to flower into public notice, or when some striking event occurs which immediately creates a host of aggressor rhetoricians and itself sufficient to initiate the movement.

Schemes & Tropes-

Visual:

Color (saturation)- the purity or vividness or depth of a color. The dress is the accent piece of the tarp while the police are vivid.

Perspective (geometric)- an illusion of depth and space. Compared to the original image, with the use of a geometric shape (the pepper spray) they have made the woman look bigger than the police, which is also ironic.

Focus: (focalizers)- Are figures or colors or spaces used to pull the eye across the image? The woman is the focalizer, while the pepper spray makes your eyes drawn to the words.

PO-T- 

Premises:

Facts/Truth (Observed)- Concrete Data. The number of people that saw the original images of the Lady in red must understand the meaning behind their mew tapestry for their protest.

Values: (Specific)- "true for me" "good for you"- They believe that the tapestry they mad in "Memory of Resistance" is good enough to be a reason to end the violence and not have the park destroyed.

Premise Modifiers:

Presence (Aggregation)- by adding the words "Memory of Resistance" it adds new context to the image, but it also allows the viewer to decide on their own interpretation of the Lady In Red. Is she the symbol that will be remembered? Will the government always remember what hey did, or will the protesters make sure they never forget?



Sunday, April 25, 2021

Trevor Nealeigh- Social Media Theory Data Blog Post

Day 40.5: Social Media Data Theory Blog Post

A sign of peace: The iconic anti-war symbol 60 years on | Culture| Arts,  music and lifestyle reporting from Germany | DW | 21.02.2018

Rebecca Leung and Robert Williams's article about the #MeToo movement contains a discussion about the rhetorical idea of intersectionality. Intersectionality, which is the evaluation of how an event or policy has affected a community that is defined by multiple categories of identification, can be applied to the symbol of the peace sign, which gained popularity in media related to the movement against the Vietnam War. The peace symbol reflected not only the views of Americans wanting their nation to stay out of the war and to stop sending young men into battle, but also the subset of that group of African-Americans in support of the anti-Vietnam War movement. The burden of struggling to obtain civil rights while also keeping young African-Americans from dying in the war is represented by the peace symbol as a reminder of many of the African-Americans' concurrent desires for peace for their group and for their nation as a whole.


 The rhetoric of the John Birch Society, which concerns itself with how groups leading social movements often have to evolve and adapt to sustain themselves in bringing about or resisting changes, is applicable to the anti-Vietnam War movement's media referencing Richard Nixon, such as the propaganda poster above. As Nixon became the President of the United States, members of the anti-Vietnam War movement adapted their anti-war propaganda to poke fun at the United States government. Including imagery of Nixon scowling and giving a seemingly half- hearted smile provokes a sense of distrust within the poster's audience, accomplishing the movement's leaders' goal of convincing Americans to question their government and their nation's involvement in the Vietnam War. By adapting their media to poke fun at a specific individual representing the United States government, the members of the anti-Vietnam War movement who created posters such as the image depicted above could keep their message relevant to Americans now under the leadership of a new president.
The Vietnam War on campus, revisited | Cornell Chronicle


Kent State shootings: Iconic image stokes anti-war sentiment across US

The two images above reflect two of the three rhetorical phases of a social movement's development as described by Leland M. Griffin in his essay titled "The Rhetoric Of Historical Movements". The first image depicts the "period of inception", or the beginning of a movement, for the anti-Vietnam War movement, which consisted of protests occurring on college campuses throughout the United States. The second image displays the aftermath of the "period of rhetorical crisis", or the response of an opposing group to a given social movement, for the anti-Vietnam War movement, which involved shootings targeting young students at Kent State University who were protesting the Vietnam War.

Black Lives Matter by Anthony Fashano

Background- The Black Lives Matter movement was founded in 2013 in response to the acquittal of Trayvon Martin’s murderer. This is a global organization in the US, UK, and Canada, whose mission is to end white supremacy and build local power to stop the violence inflicted on Black communities by the state and vigilantes. This movement was created to end racism among all black communities. 


  • polysyndeton- The people here are using the repetition of the African Americans who were killed by cops
  • parallelism- They use simple phrases like "respect" to state what they are trying to do
  • enumeratio- they are detailing why Black Lives Matter
  • anastrophe- They use this in a sense of what the man is showing with his fist


  • Value- you can see how the colors pop out throughout the photo
  • Full- there are many figures and people in the picture making it filled up 
  • Eye-level- we are looking right at them

As you can see above, these people are using signs to show the black lives matter movement. They are using their voices out in the community to change how people view black people in America and everything that is going on with how black people are treated by the police. In today's world, cops go after black people and these people are using their voices to preach that. They use the phrases like "silence is violence" and "today tomorrow and forever" to convey what they are preaching. After reading everything on Black lives matter, I was very misinformed of the movement in a whole. I thought this was a movement of just mobs and riots where people are going around and burning their cities down to prove a point. I was wrong, this is a movement of voice and facts in how black people have been mistreated for so long. I am glad I chose this movement.     



Hippie Movement Theory Data Blog Post

 Background- The hippie movement was brought to light when the Vietnam protests arose in the 1960's. Although this was not directly related to the political protests they did participate in some. Striving for peace and love they took the streets turning the heads of many with their bright colored clothing, long hair and "dirty" appearances. They stood for rebellion of the typical modern American lifestyle and lived openly and freely. 

https://rb.gy/11lbfu

Repetition of No on the poster in the middle 
Specific choices are inferred of love or war on the Poster 
Superlative of comparing love & war to be similar 
The unsustained loss to avoid war= avoid loss
Scesis onomaton when synonymous statements are made on each poster
geometric spacing with the illusion of depth and space within the picture 
full frame with focalizers of posters at an eye level shot 
Black or White with the assumption of "Love or War"


https://rb.gy/9a7ylq

Anti-model of what you normally do with a gun pointed at your face
Metaphor used by putting a symbol of peace into a symbol of death 
Black and white with steady shadows 
With a illusion of depth and at a high angle to where we are looking down on them
Appeal to consequence as flowers in the guns wont allow them to shoot 
Wishful thinking that they wont still shoot the guns 

The next article I chose to analyze is a primary source. It is a news article written by Mark Harris in the September Issue of 1967 in the Atlantic news paper. 
Harris, M. (2018, April 12). The Flowering of the Hippies. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1967/09/the-flowering-of-the-hippies/306619/

After reading this article my perceptions of the Hippie movement have been altered. I was misinformed about the true reality of the Hippie movement and how it shaped our country in that day and age originally. I believed that (this may sounds stupid but I really was just uninformed) that the hippy movement was a group of free spirits standing up to the social norms and creating their own free path. However after reading this article I realized how large of an effect pot and LSD had on this movement. What started out as a centralized goal became a jumbled mess of people taking LSD and talking about what it did to them in their last trip. Their motive in the 60's was very unclear to many and that is why people protested back. They believed that this movement had no end goal and was just a off course party that would drag our soon to be working class down. Many dropped out of college to join and had no steady income. This movement phased out faster than most but left an everlasting impact on society. Many to this day still follow the hippy lifestyle however it is not as popular as just dressing like one in todays society. 

Three Connective Theories 

Burke's Grotesque frame- this theory of framing is described as depicting something or someone as obscure, out of the norm or out of place. This directly connects to how the American society viewed the hippies in the 60's. They weren't sure what they were doing or why but since it was so abstract from the normalcy many looked down on them and placed the hippies into this frame. 

Carlson- This theory connects to the hippie movement by providing answers of why it died off so quickly. In his paper he states that movements must have some kind of religious conviction within its roots to maintain a strong foundation. The hippy movement has no religious affiliation whatsoever. He also states that they must sacrifice something to make a big public awareness of their movement. Not everyone but someone must do this. In the hippie movement they relied off of peace and good vibes which does not constitute a strong foundation. 

Karshner- In his writings he writes about adequately thinking out their actions before preforming them. Which allows me to connect this as another critique of the hippy movement because no one really knew their plan or their end goal. And after researching I am not sure if the hippies knew either. They started as "Make love not war" and ended into a spiral of LSD and other various drugs. If they had an end goal then they just did not publicize it enough. But from what I have gathered their leaders would benefit from reading this article as it proved, that even over time, developing and strategizing will help you get to where you want to go. 

Overall I believe my presentation will consist of critiquing the hippy movement and analyzing what they did and where they went wrong. And how this left a foot print on the America we know today, and not just by their fashion. 

Secondary source - NYT

 https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/07/03/us/george-floyd-protests-crowd-size.html

  • Premises - 

Observed

Concrete data.


The recent Black Lives Matter protests peaked on June 6, when half a million people turned out in nearly 550 places across the United States.” 


  • Stated and reported facts from the New York Times, about the amount of people who showed up to protest for BLM.

  • Establishing the structure of reality - 

(for)

Clarity


Event makes rule clearer.

““I’ve never seen self-reports of protest participation that high for a specific issue over such a short period,” said Neal Caren,”


  • The event of some many people showing up for this specific issue shows that it really affected people, enough to come out and protest.


  • Premises- 

The normal

Based on a reference group or experience.


“Half of those who said they protested said that this was their first time getting involved with a form of activism or demonstration. A majority said that they watched a video of police violence toward protesters or the Black community within the last year.”


The reporter was surprised that this was alot of peoples first time protesting, the reference group is the group that watch police violence toward the black community.

Day 40.5: Social Media Theory Data Blog Post

 Primary Source #1

Background: Took place on December 10, 1989. STOP THE CHURCH was a demonstration that was organized by members of ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power) in response to Cardinal John O'Connor and his negligence to teach safe sex in the pulic school system as well as not promoting condom use inorder to lower the rates of AIDS infections. ACT UP was joined by WHAM! (Women’s Health Action and Mobilization), who opposed the Catholic’s position on abortions rights. Many of the members of these organizations disrupted mass by chanting that O’Connor was “killing them” and soon descended into “pandemonium.” 111 protestors were arrested.

ACT UP, Fight Back, Fight AIDS (usreligion.blogspot.com)


Primary Source #2

Background: A speech that was given by Larry Kramer in 1991 to a room full of apathetic AIDS activists. Larry Kramer was the founder of GMHC (Gay Men’s Health Crisis) and ACT UP. Kramer, who was tired of the momentous amount of apathy that had invaded these activist groups, gave this speech to voice his frustration, anger, disappointment, and sense of being lost as to where to go from then. He stated that unless everyone stops pulling each other down instead of working together, “We are as good as dead.”

Activist Larry Kramer's 1991 Remarks on the AIDS Epidemic | NowThis - YouTube


Primary Source #3

Background: In this photo, ACT UP members and Broadway performer Mark Fotopoulos and his mother protested on Broadway on March 24, 1988. (Photo taken by Clay Walker) On March 24, 1987, ACT UP held their first ever demonstration. On the busy intersection of Broadway and Wall Street, protestors gathered to call for corporate and government action to end the AIDS crisis, which by this point had gone on for over 5 years. The demonstration caused for there to be much disruption during rush hour. The flyers announcing the protest had a list of demands that consisted of the release of life-saving drugs by the FDA, the availability of affordable drugs., educating the public to combat the spread of AIDS, and enacting policies to end AIDS-related disccrimination in the workplace, housing, insurance, and medical treatment. These demonstrations continued on throughout the following years.

ACT UP Demonstrations on Wall Street – NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project (nyclgbtsites.org)


Applying 3 Theoretical Ideas

  1. (Madeleine de Scudéry: Rhetorical Conversation) Scudéry insists that in order to have a conversation, the participants involved should at least have the decency to be “agreeable.” This allows for more dialogue to build upon previous dialogue until eventually a conclusion is met that involves the similar inputs of many. With this movement and these sources, this can be applied since the members and followers of the ACT UP movement all have similar foundational views that eventually led to the formation of these demonstrations and protests. For example, members of ACT UP and WHAM! simultaneously came together at St. Patrick’s Cathedral because they agreed that the Catholic Church had voiced views that were destructive to the lives of others. This is how that protest was formed. For Kramer’s speech, it was the shared view that people need to work together in order to end the AIDS crisis that led to the delivery of this speech. For the Wall Street protests, it was the shared views of wanted affordable and effective medication to be released to the public and to end the discrimination held against those living with AIDS. All of these events were formed due to the fact that people were able to agree on certain foundational ideas in order to meet a common goal/end result.

  2. (Kenneth Burke: Identification) Burke’s concept of identification can be applied here by allowing for others to see that one party, the ACT UP movement, is similar to another  party. Those in the ACT UP movement were likely to be individuals living with AIDS or those who knew others suffering with AIDS. Their movement allowed for AIDS victims to be put in the public eye. These victims include parents, children, relatives, friends, doctors, teachers, lovers, bakers, church members, etc. Everyday people who were a part of society and who were loved by others were those who were suffering with AIDS. These demonstrations allowed for the public to make the identification/connection that those living with AIDS were also everyday people that they interacted with everyday in the simplest or even in the most significant ways.

  3. (Synchronic Analysis) In the picture of the protest on Wall Street, they underline and highlight the word “living” in their protest signs. By using the word “living” they weren’t just acknowledging that they were still breathing beings, but more so that their means of living was more difficult than most people’s definition of living. “Living” to AIDS patients was more aligned with the definition of “surviving.” They were surviving a virus, discrimination, dehumization, pain, etc. Sure, they were still breathing and going about their lives, but for them their days were numbered (especially when corporations and the government brush off your existence and situation). “Living” for them was a game of dodging a multitude of pain. Those with AIDS wanted to get back to a time when “living” actually felt like they could live their lives, instead of surviving each day until they could potentially die.