schemes
|
1) orthography
|
emoticon
|
Textual animation of
facial emotion.
|
None
|
wiki
|
acronym
|
Abbreviations using
initial letters.
|
None
|
|
wiki
|
l33tspeak
|
Alphanumeric
substitution and intentional misspelling.
|
None
|
|
wiki
|
portmanteau
|
Word blends.
|
None
|
|
b
|
2) error
|
tmesis
|
A word is separated
into two parts, with an insertion.
|
None
|
wiki
|
spoonerism
|
A switching of
corresponding sounds.
|
None
|
|
b
|
enallage
|
Intentional grammar
misuse.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 471)
|
3) alliteration
|
consonance
|
Repetition of
consonant sounds.
|
Continuous repetition
of the “L” sound: Lemon, Lemony, Lather, Little
|
a (p. 472)
|
assonance
|
Repetition of vowel
sounds.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 466)
|
4) hyperbaton
|
parenthesis
|
Insertion of an
interrupting verbal unit.
|
“Not that you should
turn him into putty.”
|
a (p. 466)
|
anastrophe
|
Inversion of usual
word order.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 468)
|
5) omission
|
ellipses
|
Omission of words
implied by context.
|
Leaves you a little
change for other little goodies.
|
a (p. 469)
|
asyndeton
|
Omission of
conjunctions
|
None
|
|
b
|
6) emphatics
|
diacope
|
Emphatic repetition
after an intervening phrase.
|
None?
|
b
|
epizeuxis
|
Repetition of one word
|
Lemon
|
|
b
|
enumeratio
|
Detailing parts or
arguments.
|
No wonder the other
concentrate is green: (See why tonight. Try White Rain Concentrate… The one
with lemon)
|
|
b
|
scesis onomaton
|
A string of generally
synonymous statements.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 476)
|
7) arrangement
|
climax
|
Ordered by increasing
importance.
|
None
|
wiki
|
anticlimax
|
Ending a climactic
structure with something of less importance.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 470)
|
8) repetition
|
polysyndeton
|
Liberal use of
conjunction.
|
|
a (p. 472)
|
anaphora
|
Repetition of words at
the beginnings of successive clauses.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 473)
|
epistrophe
|
Repetition of words at
the ends of successive clauses.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 474)
|
epanalepsis
|
Repetition of a word
at the beginning and end of a clause.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 475)
|
anadiplosis
|
Repetition of the last
word of one clause at the beginning of the next.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 463)
|
9) parallelisms
|
parallelism
|
Similarity in
structure in phrases or clauses.
|
None
|
a (p. 464)
|
isocolon
|
Parallelism with a
similar number of words or syllables
|
None
|
|
b
|
tricolon
|
Isocolon with three
parts
|
None
|
|
a (p. 464)
|
10) balance
|
antithesis
|
Juxtaposition of
contrasting ideas, often in parallel structure.
|
None
|
a (p. 477)
|
antimetabole
|
Repetition of words,
in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 478)
|
chiasmus
|
Reversal of
grammatical structures in successive clauses.
|
None
|
|
tropes
|
1) comparison
|
metaphor
|
An implied comparison.
|
Not that you should
turn him into putty, but he should melt a little
|
a (p. 479)
|
simile
|
An explicit
comparison.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 480)
|
synecdoche
|
A part stands in for
the whole.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 481)
|
metonymy
|
Substitution of an
attribute or suggestive word.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 491)
a (p. 492)
|
2) oxymorons
|
. . . as paradox
|
A combination of
normally contradictory terms
|
None
|
. . . as a pun
|
A combination of terms
designed to communicate a potential contradiction
|
None
|
||
a (p. 482)
|
3) puns
|
antanaclasis
|
Repetition of a word
in two different senses.
|
None
|
a (p. 482)
|
paronomasia
|
Use of words which
sound alike but have different meanings.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 483)
|
zeugma/syllepsis
|
Use of a word
understood differently in relation to other words.
|
None
|
|
wiki
|
paraprosdokian
|
The latter part of a
sentence causes the audience to rethink the first part.
|
I haven’t slept for
ten days, because that would be too long. –M Hedberg
|
|
a (p. 485)
|
3) substitution
|
anthimeria
|
Substitution of one
part of speech for another.
|
None
|
a (p. 485)
|
periphrasis
|
Substitution of a
proper name for a descriptive phrase of vice versa.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 485)
|
4) personification
|
prosopoeia
|
Investing objects or
abstractions with human qualities
|
None
|
a (p. 487)
|
apostrophe
|
Addressing the
prosopoeia
|
None
|
|
b
|
5) exaggeration
|
hyperbole
|
Using exaggerated
terms for effect.
|
Leaves you a little
change for other little goodies/ Not that you should turn him into putty, but
he should melt a little
|
a (p. 487)
|
auxesis
|
Magnifying the
importance of something by using a disproportionate name.
|
“Leaves you with a
little change for other little goodies”
|
|
a (p. 487)
|
6) understatement
|
litotes
|
Using understatement
for effect.
|
None
|
a (p. 488)
|
meiosis
|
Diminishing the
importance of something by using a disproportionate name.
|
Other little goodies
|
|
b
|
7) apophasis
|
euphemism
|
Substitution of
innocuous-seeming words for something unpleasant.
|
None
|
a (p. 482)
|
paralipsis
|
Invoking a subject by
denying that it should be invoked.
|
None.
|
|
wiki
|
8) profanity
|
blasphemy
|
Disrespectful use of
religious language
|
None
|
sv
|
body taboos
|
Use of rude words for
body functions and/or sex.
|
None
|
|
sv
|
intensifiers
|
Suggests a strength of
feeling but no unique meaning.
|
None
|
|
wiki
|
minced oath
|
An altered, “polite,”
form of profanity
|
None
|
|
a (p. 489)
|
9) irony
|
antiphrasis
|
Verbal irony of patent
contradiction.
|
None
|
b
|
epitrope
|
A pretend concession.
|
None
|
|
wiki
|
sarcasm
|
The use of antiphrasis
in mockery.
|
None
|
|
a (p. 488)
|
10) question
|
erotema
|
Asking a rhetorical
question.
|
None
|
a (p. 488)
|
anthypophora
|
Asking and then
answering a rhetorical question.
|
None
|
|
b
|
aporia
|
Engaging in a mock
debate with a series of rhetorical questions.
|
None
|
|
visual
|
1) color
|
hue
|
The identification of
the colors.
|
The whole ad is bright and full of life
because of the bright whites and yellows, as well as the greens on the actual
product. There’s also the subtle blue of the car in the picture there was
well as the browns from both the woman’s hair and the guy’s shirt. While the
outside stuff is bright and white, the actual images in the ad are somewhat
dark in comparison. The colors are not all that vivid, probably due to how
old the ad itself is, and it only pops in certain areas.
|
c (p. 39)
|
value
|
The lightness or
darkness of a color.
|
||
c (p. 39)
|
saturation
|
The purity or
vividness or depth of a color.
|
||
2) light
|
high contrast
|
Bright lights and dark
shadows.
|
There’s a bit of darkness in the pictures ,
like the one with the woman and the car as well as the picture of the man and
woman next to each other. The overall image is bright, however.
|
|
low contrast
|
Little difference
between darks and lights. Pleasant. Little shadow.
|
The
bigger picture of the woman with soap suds on her head blends together with
the background pretty well, somewhat leading into one another.
|
||
3) perspective
|
flat
|
No illusion of depth
|
It could be said that some of the pictures of
the people appear flat in some regards, but the bottle of shampoo actually
looks much more flat than anything else in the image, almost like a painting
in how 2D it is.
|
|
c (p. 40)
|
geometric
|
An illusion of depth
and space.
|
The other images are much more spaced out and
in depths than the shampoo bottle. The man and woman are somewhat stacked on
each other, putting the woman in front of him. You can also tell that, with
the image of the woman with soap on her head, the soap kinda oozes over her
forehead, adding a bit of depths into it as well.
|
|
4) diagonals
|
balanced
|
The image is
symmetrical and stable.
|
The image is not very symmetrical at all, due
to how much is going on in it at once. Words are all over the place, yet
uniformed where they are at, the pictures are scattered about, and there
isn’t anything complementing each other in how it is placed.
|
|
oblique
|
The image seems
unstable and pulled to the side.
|
The image is pulled in all directions because
of how it is set up. It’s pulled towards the top by the large lettering and
the picture of the woman and her car, it is pulled to the right side by the
man and the woman, and is pulled towards the bottom left because of the
massive head of the woman in the corner
|
||
c (p. 49)
|
5) space
|
open
|
The tops and sides
seem empty.
|
The tops and sides have a lot going on, with
only a few spaces open here and there
|
c (p. 49)
|
closed
|
The tops and sides
feel enclosed, trapped.
|
The image is a lot more closed off because of
how much is going on in nearly every inch of the picture, save for the few
spaces of open whiteness.
|
|
d (p. 43)
|
empty
|
There are few figures
in the frame or is much white space.
|
There are a few open white spaces on the page
here and there, but aside from those, there’s a lot of commotion going on in
the ad.
|
|
d (p. 43)
|
full
|
The frame is dense
with figures.
|
The frame is fairly full due to the number of
pictures they crammed in there, as well as the columns of words they placed
in it as well.
|
|
d (p. 53)
|
6) focus
|
grounding
|
Is there a foreground,
middleground and background, as in traditional Eurpoean art, or is it
compressed?
|
There is a clear distinction between
foreground (The woman with soap on her head), the middle ground (The man and
the woman), and the background (The woman with her car). It’s almost like a
tier list, with the background being the “least important” with the
foreground being the “most important”
|
c (p. 45)
|
focalizers
|
Are figures or colors
or spaces used to pull the eye across the image?
|
Not used at all
because of how disjointed and scattered everything in the image is.
|
|
c (p. 49)
|
7) angle
|
high angle
|
Are we looking down on
them?
|
No, we are not looking at these people from an
angle
|
c (p. 49)
|
low angle
|
Are we looking up to
them?
|
Only with the woman with the car, since the
camera is angled up at her.
|
|
c (p. 49)
|
eye-level
|
Are we even with them?
|
We are mainly looking at the eyes of the woman
with soap on her head, the man and the other woman in the image
|
|
d (p.37)
|
8) implied distance
|
long shots
|
Is the subject larger
than people? (Buildings? Can you see their feet?)
|
Not used for this ad
|
d (p.37)
|
medium shots
|
Is the subject people
in interaction (Are they about waist up?)
|
The man and the woman cover this catagory
pretty well since they’re from the waist up and are “conversing” with one
another.
|
|
d (p.37)
|
close-ups
|
Is the subject one
person’s face?
|
The literal giant face of the woman with soap
dripping from her head.
|
|
wiki
|
9) figures
|
representationality
|
To what extent does
the image show “things” we can identify?
|
The ad is very clean-cut in what it is trying
to show us, not really trying to show us any hidden agendas or anything.
|
wiki
|
abstraction
|
How realistic are the
things?
|
The ad is incredibly realistic, from the
actual picture of the woman and her car to the pictures of the man and the
woman as well as the woman with soap on her head.
|
|
wiki
|
self-referentiality
|
Do the brushstrokes or
lines or photographic artifacts call attention to themselves?
|
The white rain bottle in the center is trying
to call a lot of attention to itself because of how bright it is and how the
drop is literally coming out of the bottle.
|
|
10) genre
|
style
|
Does the image fit
into a particular “ism”?
|
I’d say that this one is maybe attempting to
stand out from the crowd in the current time that it was made, since it’s far
more ludicrous than the other images I saw
|
|
icons
|
Are there key symbols
or characters that call to mind a narrative or genre?
|
Not applicable.
|
||
type
|
1) stroke-height ratio
|
How thick are the lines in the type in
comparison to the height of the letters?
|
The letters for the bolded words are wide and
tall, moreso near the top of the ad where the bottom of it looks more close
knit and smaller. The smaller text in the ad is just that: much, much
smaller.
|
|
e
|
2) stoke weight
|
How varied are the weights of the different
strokes? (What are the thickness differences between various marks in a
letter?)
|
The image has a few different stroke weights
and styles: The words on the White Rain bottle seem to sway over to the left,
the thickness of the W’s much thinner than that of the W’s in the other
parts.
|
|
3) style
|
Bold?
|
The boldness of the words seem to only stem
from what the ad thinks is important: White rain shampoo in particular.
|
||
Italic?
|
There aren’t any italic words here
|
|||
Narrow?
|
The narrowness of the words seem to be the
same when it comes to the smaller letters, but differ greatly between the
bigger letters as you go further down the ad.
|
|||
Condensed?
|
The words don’t look very condensed anywhere
|
|||
All caps?
|
The all caps are reserved for the bolded words
rather than anything else.
|
|||
e
|
4) x-height
|
What is the ratio of the height of the letter x
to the height of the ascenders (the upstoke in a d or band
descenders (the downstroke in a p or q)?
|
The ratio of the letters is fairly similar
throughout, save for some of the O’s and for the White Rain bottle itself,
where the letters seem to bob up and down as you read across them, like
they’re floating.
|
|
e
|
5) counters
|
hmnu (aperture)
|
How do these bowl-like
spaces relate to each other in the typeface and how do they relate to other
faces?
|
Couldn’t find this in
the ad.
|
e
|
bdpg
|
How do these enclosed
spaces relate to each other in the typeface and how do they relate to other
faces?
|
With the font used in
the ad, they are almost all the same, except for the White Rain bottle with
how the letters seem to contrast each other more than anything else.
|
|
6) emphasis
|
Color?
|
Colors for the words are black.
|
||
Underlining?
|
No underlining in the ad at all.
|
|||
Animated?
|
None of the words are animated.
|
|||
e
|
7) family
|
script
|
Approximating
handwriting
|
Somewhat similar to the white rain bottle.
|
e
|
serif
|
Lines to link the
reading of letters.
|
Letters seem more spaced apart than this.
|
|
e
|
sans serif
|
Without serifs.
|
More akin to the bolded lettering.
|
|
e
|
novelty
|
Created for a specific
effect but hard-to-read.
|
Not really used except for the White Rain
bottle.
|
|
e
|
8) spacing
|
tracking
|
Spaces between letters
along a line of text (manipulated relatively evenly)
|
Kerning is more used in this ad than Tracking,
since the letters don’t space themselves apart more to prove a point or
anything.
|
e
|
kerning
|
Spacing between two
letters (often different between different kinds of letters).
|
||
e
|
leading
|
Spacing between lines
of text.
|
There is some leading in the text that I can
see between the separate lines
|
|
e
|
9) family
|
What historical grouping does the font belong
to and how typical is it or that grouping?
|
Transitional more than
anything else since it seems like a more modern text than earlier text.
|
|
10) legibility
|
The font itself
|
It is clean and legible.
|
||
Copy issues
|
No copy issues.
|
This blog will be filled with data analysis samples created by students in my COMM 274 class at TLU. You will see a variety of types of rhetorical analysis methods on display here.
Links to rhetorical tools:
Here are links to the rhetorical tools used in this class:
Monday, January 28, 2019
White Rain Shampoo
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
No comments:
Post a Comment