Brief background on the DREAMers Movement:
The DREAMers Movement sprung from momentum created by the Development, Relief and Education for Alien Minors Act, otherwise known as the DREAM Act, which was first introduced in 2001. Amid immense hostility towards undocumented immigrants, immigration advocates fought for broader immigration reform by focusing on legalizing the situations of undocumented youth who had been raised, socialized, and educated in the United States. These advocates worked to portray undocumented youth as contributing members of society who represented the American Dream. Storytelling became an important part of producing cultural and political material for the movement as it allowed the narration of personal experience and encouraged discussion.
Analysis of (3) primary sources from the movement:
Schemes: Anaphora, repetition of the word "no"Tropes: Paradox, typically immigrants without papers arefearful of being found out so this sign is sendingout a strong messageVisuals: Grounding, foreground middle ground and backgroundFallacies: Emotional Appeal, appeals to others by showing braveryPremises: Specific Values, not all immigrants would be able or
willing to be open about not having papers
Arguments: Intention?
Schemes: Anaphora, repition of the word "no" in first signTropes: Metaphor, "dreaming is American"Visuals: Angle, Eye LevelFallacies: Black or White, "no dream no deal"Premises: Presence, Time, undocumented youth in middle
poster establishes the lenght of her stay
Arguments: Justification?, middle poster
Schemes: Enumeratio, details Lorenzo's achievments
while in the U.S.
Tropes: Antiphrasis, "his only crime is to be a ... college
graduate"
Visuals: Focalizers, "Dreamer 19643" sign made to look
like a mug shot sign, dark red capitalization in
"Criminalized Dreams"
Fallacies: Emotional Appeal, makes audience feel bad for
Lorenzo as it is insinuated he is going to be
arrested and did not do anything wrong because
it was the choice of his parents to take him to the
U.S. as a child, he did not ask for this life
Premises: Abstract ValuesArguments: Illistration, Clarity or Import
The Slutwalk Movement is about women bringing narrative to the term slut. Women are often shamed by men for their bodies, clothing, and sexuality. The term slut is a derogatory word that is meant to be hurtful towards women but with this movement women are allowed to control the narrative of the term slut. With the reclaiming of this word the movement is able to redefine a word that is negative and shameful to something that means power and freedom. I will be using women's conversational rhetoric especially Madeleine de Scudery's approach to be looking at me first and secondary sources. The reason why I am choosing this rhetoric is because when this approach first came out it was a new and revolutionary approach which is what the Slutwalk movement was in 2011. To call yourself a slut which had such a negative and demining connotation prior to it shocked many people (men) because they no longer had narrative of the word. This rhetoric also allowed all women to come together and talk about important issues. This movement allowed all women or men to come together and created a space to talk about an important issue of victim blaming.
I will develop a better toolbox later.
Rhetorical Conversation: The whole L'Aquila community decided that they would create a conversation about the unattended damage from the earthquake.
Data 38.5.5: Toolbox Data Blog Post
Synchronic Analysis: The propaganda poster above highlights how the meaning of the idea of wanting "peace" and being opposed to war became interpreted during the era of the movement against the United States's involvement in the Vietnam War. During this era, opposition to war became more associated with not wanting one's fellow Americans, especially those who were part of younger generations, to die in combat, as opposed to the fears of Communism spreading and of being overpowered by other nations that fueled the paranoia of the years prior to this era. This fear of dying is symbolized in this particular propaganda poster by the imagery of the skeleton, the holes and cuts in the recruitment poster, and the remains of the image of American icon "Uncle Sam". Additionally, the cynicism of the movement regarding how this movement's leaders believed that the young Americans were being sent off by the United States's government to die is symbolized by the imagery of the skeleton obstructing the imagery of "Uncle Sam", the red color of the word "you" in the poster (similar to how one would expect text to appear on a warning sign), and the message "Nearest Recruiting Station", implying that Americans that choose to serve in the military during the Vietnam War are putting themselves in a position that will cause the Americans to near the end of their lives.
Identification: Kenneth Burke's concept of identification, in which a person making a claim connects multiple ideas or historical references as a means for justifying their own personal desires or actions, can be applied to the activities taking place in the photograph in relation to the anti- Vietnam War movement. We can see the protesters utilize their signs in order to identify the establishment of the 1954 Geneva Accords and President Lyndon B. Johnson's vision of a "Great Society" as justifications for their stances against the Vietnam War. The 1954 Geneva Accords established France's commitment to withdrawing troops from Vietnam whereas President Johnson's social reform for a "Great Society" during the mid-1960s consisted of fighting for racial justice and ending poverty. In the mindsets of the protesters in the anti-Vietnam War movement, the Vietnam War is an impediment to either goal of keeping troops out of Vietnam or achieving an ideal American society. By connecting these historical references with the protesters' desires for American involvement in the Vietnam War to end, the protesters hope to provide a stronger foundation for their actions and increase support for their movement against the Vietnam War.
Intention - various acts reveal a unified essence
Various incidents of police brutality against black people have been stirring up this movement. However the tipping point that made people angry enough to protest was the death of George Floyd.(I don’t know if I’m doing this right… but I’m going to try my best here. I will edit it and add more once we get more clarification. For now, here’s my attempt at applying a theory to one of my sources.)
Madeleine de Scudéry: Rhetorical Conversation
Madeleine de Scudéry’s rhetoric incorporated the concept of people finding a common ground of agreement which stems from a previous speaker’s input. Other speakers then add on to previous comments which eventually leads to a common ground that incorporates the shared opinions and views of many. In this flyer (primary source), I believe that Scudéry’s rhetoric/theory can be applied here because you can interpret this protest at St. Patrick’s Cathedral has a sort of common ground in which many people have agreed upon certain things in order for all of them to gather on this day. They would have all had to agree that the AIDS pandemic is a serious issue that needs to be addressed, that condom-usage is an effect means of minimizing the spread of the virus, and that the Cathedral's lack of promotion of condom-usage is wrong because it will lead to more people getting infected and potentially dying from the virus. So, this protest at St. Patrick’s Cathedral is the final conclusion that people with common agreements have formulated to make a statement that the Church’s negligence to promote condom-usage is wrong and will lead to rising infection and death rates.
Gay Marriage
The Social Movement
The Gay Rights movement advocate for LGBTQ+a equal rights. A demand to end laws seeking to separate homosexual acts, matrimony, lifestyle, and the discrimination of lesbians, gay, bisexual, transgendered and asexual people in all aspects of living.
The SlutWalk Moment in 2011 was about putting an end to rape culture, which includes victim blaming and slut shaming sexual assault victims. The movement was about bringing power to women and their physical appearance and how no matter what the women is wearing or how she looked rape is never right.
Schemes:
Consensus- The poster repeats the "c" sound twice. first in clothes and then in consent. The poster is short and cosine and having that sound repeated brings to the argument that a women clothes in not her way of giving a man consent to sex.
Anaphora- We see that the poster repeats My. This is important because this has the women holding the poster claiming it has hers. My Clothes and My consent. This repetition in words at the beginning of each sentence brings power.
Tropes:
Euphemism- Consent means rape or sexual assault in the posters and during this movement. The creator of this poster did not use those terms but instead decided to use consent which almost sounds nicer and proper compared to the word rape. I am sure this language was used because the repetition sound of the "c" but it is still interesting language to cover up the words rape and sexual assault.
Visual:
Flat- We see her poster has flat and her message has no illusions to it. This allows us to read her simple but clear message very quick. Even though her message is short the audience still has a very clear understanding what her message is.
Value- The poster has two contrasting colors which are white and black. The white poster with the all black lettering allows there to be a clear contrast of colors.
Focalizers- How the words are spread out pulls the audience eyes across the page. Clothes and Consent are both one word but take up the whole width of the poster. Which allows you to focus on those words. In between those words we see "ARE NOT MY" written across the poster. The different font sizes pulls your eyes across the poster.
Type:
Bold lettering-To bring importance to the words on the poster.
Condensed spacing- The condense spacing is to bring urgency to this poster in my opinion.
All Caps- The poster was in all caps. This brings a serious tone to the poster and brings importance to these words. Caps is known for yelling and this poster is supposed to sound like yelling in word form.
Underlying- The word not is underlined. This to bring attention to this word and to make sure everyone knows Not is important. That is the keyword in this argument. If that word was taken out or changed the poster could have a different meaning.
*Need to look at PO-T and fallacies*
Rhetorical Argument and Fallacies Blog Post
Analysis Of Anti-Vietnam War Poster:
l33tspeak | Alphanumeric substitution and intentional misspelling. | Se7en, pwned, kewl, |\|3W|3, w00t, sk1llz, | |
9) parallelisms | parallelism | Similarity in structure in phrases or clauses. | |
antimetabole | Repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order. | |
paraprosdokian | The latter part of a sentence causes the audience to rethink the first part. | |
“A red zone, wherever it is, is a national question.”
Schemes and Tropes
Hyperbaton: parenthesis: “, wherever it is,”
Style: Bold, all caps: Emphasis
Color: many different colors due to medium being yarn
P-Ot Chart
Values: abstract: community/truth
Presence: aggregation: one red zone is everyone’s problem
The Gezi Park Protest was in 2013, and was a initially over Turkish environmentalists objected to the uprooting of trees in Gezi Park in the heart of Istanbul when the municipality began to implement its plan to raze the park and build in its place the replica of an Ottoman era military barrack potentially with a shopping mall inside. This lead to an amazing display of artistic backlash from the Turkish citizens through graffiti. For example the image below:
You can pick any movement, not just these. The links here are to academic sources that will give some details and analysis and suggest a place to start as you look for texts produced and performed by your movement. Remember, you are not analyzing these articles. You are analyzing primary sources from the movements themselves. This is just a head start on your work for you.
