Riot Grrrls: Are they still rioting?

There is a specificity to this type of feminism. It is a music-based, creation-focused type of feminism that recognizes not only the en masse sexism and misogyny towards women in society, but what this looks like for female musicians in the punk/rock music scene.

These Riot Grrrls used their platform as creators to combat larger issues in a way that came across as startling and abrupt. This seems to be both intentional in order to get the kind of attention that they deserved and simply because of this punk/rock style that they embodied that for vanilla white moms of the suburbs could really shake the table. A lot of this movement was underground, but not exactly quiet, which is this "I wont dare tread lightly, f*ck you" type mindset, but still having to work within the bounds of what your audience may accept because these women were still trying to create a career.




First. The name.

The name "Riot Grrl" rhetorically is a visual and audial experience, even if you are just reading the word on a sign or a shirt/merch. One feels the anger and angst that is common in the punk/rock music scene in general, but also this mad woman vibe that is here and not leaving. This is intentional.

Bikini Kill.    
(also listen to the song that's in this hyperlink. this whole thing will make more sense)

But this shirt thoooooooo.......

Too much aesthetic. I scream. But this aesthetic was what this movement relied on very heavily. This is rhetoric too. They are physical representations of the lyrics they produce and the rhetoric they speak and stand for.

This is their website presently. Very Red Rum-ish. Or Menstrual cycle-ish. Or the blood of dead hegemonic male power. I dunno. You choose. The specific analysis of the members of this movement is important and can say a lot about the movement as a whole. 

This was a band that more or less started this movement. When you are a creator of some sort, there is a heavy amount of influence potential that you can have on a large audience. This lead to a strong of bands and audience members co-existing this rebel grrrl space. It feels like a shoving outward of feminism that is very interconnected down to the very concert experience that was to be had. The fashion. The flyers. The dancing style. The social issues that the bands focused on. Etc.


Kathleen Hanna. Co-founder of Bikini Kill and Riot Grrrl. Recent Youtube chats. It still lives. She is talking about fans and bands and people doing pro-things in anti-ways."A big reason why I started a band is because people kept saying feminism was dead," she says in this interview. Connecting this historical moment to the history of this movement is significant. Cool stuff. Symbolism of why we are still talking about this. How does this apply to 2018? Where are the modern Riot Grrls? Are they the goths? The emo girls? Scene girls? Is this even a necessary question? Lots of things.



We have a documentary. This is focused in New York rather than in Europe where a lot of it started. So this was a movement that definitely crossed oceans, it was underground but partially global.

Here is a flyer. She is not posing in a demure, meek way....she is here and she is ready to riot. The mood transfers.

SO this angry girl thing is problematic if they are being called angry, like labeled and things, but if they are saying "YES I am ANGRY" that is cool. They have every right to be that. But just tossing them off as angry women who need to chill is not okay. That happens now. That happened then. 

They are having to justify themselves at the bottom of this. This tells us a lot about the rhetoric that was happening during this movement and the rhetoric that had to been given back in response to this.

We even have Youtube stuff as early as 2018 that is explaining this whole movement. Narrated by a guy, which is interesting, but nevertheless, onward.  

The use of their own satire in the rhetoric of their songs in response to that of the male gaze and voice is interesting. "political punk band" is how a lot of these bands were described. There's a lot to be said, but not much is surprising on how they were responded to. They were a weird parallel to second wave stereotypes due to this. 

WITCH Movement: Schemes, Fallacies & Perelman

Woman's International Terrorist Conspiracy from Hell

2017 Fall-Winter Zine Print Analysis 

http://witchpdx.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/WITCH-PDX-FALL-WINTER-2017-ZINE-PRINT.pdf

Gay Rights Movement Post 1

Uses Martin Luther King to cross barriers between gay rights and civil/Black rights

Premises: The emphasis of the word "love" is to be representative of one of the major things that all people hold near and dear to their hearts - the power of love.

For Thesis: Goes farther than that of just gay rights, but natural rights for all types of people.

The colors of the giant rainbow flag represent the masses of outcry for a change in politics. Similar to bandwagons.

Type: The typography of the posters closes resembles those of political elections

Metaphor: Compares "gay" love to "straight" love with the rainbow and red "love" typography. Makes a metaphor against the lack of difference between the two types of love.

Arab Spring Movement Visual Rhetorical Analysis

The Arab Spring Movement was a series of protest, demonstrations, and riots that took place throughout North Africa and the Middle East. These protest were in response to the numerous oppressive dictatorships present in the these countries. The Arab Spring was inspired by the Tunisian revolution in early 2010 and died out in late 2012. Only Tunisia has successfully transitioned to a functioning democracy. The revolution was greatly facilitated by social media which allowed the protesters to circumvent the government controlled media and authorities in order to organize demonstrations.

Visual:	The colors of the flags are high contrast to draw the attention of the viewer and create a sense of urgency. They also happen to be the same colors as a caution sign.
Genre: Icons	Protesters use the Rabia hand symbol on protest flags. This gesture is supposed symbolize the all those who had been beaten, imprisoned or killed by the egyptian army.

Visual:	The font is bold to create a sense of urgency. The words of emphasis “Assad” and “Up” are the largest, in bold, and in bright red to indicate importance.
Symbolism:	The sign contains the green cedar symbol which is the symbol of the lebanese flag, The sign also contains all the colors of the lebanese flag which indicates a populist/democratic message.

Black Power Movement.

Started after a young man by the name of James Meredith who would become the first African American to attend the University of Mississippi. He was shot but not killed. He was trying to complete his peaceful protest from Memphis Tennessee to Mississippi. Leaders Like Martin Luther King Jr. and Fredrick Mckissick believed that his march should be finished.

The black power movement brought the  emergence of the black panthers and different leaders. However they all believed in equality among blacks and racial pride. They used signs, organizations, peaceful and violent protest to get their ways. Overall this description will show the effect and the success of the black power movement.

Analysis of Black Power

Visual

Category	Definition	Why
Fonts style- Bold, all caps		Font is written in black and italicized on the important message and meaning
Visual- Color (hue, value, saturation)	Hue- Identification of colors Value- Lightness/darkness of colors Saturation- Purity/vividness of colors	Uses a faded brown color much like traditional African paper and depicts black words in rdrr to go with the movement and what it stands for.
Visual- Light (High Contrast)	Bright lights and dark shadows	No real use of lights in visual
Visual- Space (Closed)	The tops and sides feel enclosed, trapped	Image closes around the panther to make it the center of the attention, giving life to the subject and movement
Visual-Genre (Style)	Does the image fit into a particular “ism”?	Incorporates ideas of traditional African culture to make a callback to the ancestors many African Americans have had. The incorporation of this tradition gives call to the idea of slavery and how to identify as a black person in America. Also showing the idea that the movement is aggressive and wants radical change in order to meet their ideals of equality.

RALLY FOR SANITY AND OR FEAR WE DON'T KNOW LOL

American Indian Movement AIM

    “We fight for an Argentina where the dogs of the rich are in better conditions than the poor’s children.”

Visual:	In this poster we see a hue of colors because we are able to identify all of them. We see a white background with black and red coloring.
Type:	In the lettering it is very bold and stands out. We can make an assumption that this person is trying to make this statement very clear and stand out.
Appeal to Consequences:	The statement in the poster is true therefor making it possible for there to be consequences yet there will be a good outcome.

“Work for everyone without clientelism.”

Visual:	In this visual we see value because it has darkness in its text. The lettering makes it, so we are able to read what they want. We also see what they want to emphasize in their poster, so they know what they are demanding.
Type:	In the poster we see that all the letters are caps. The caps make it easier to read a catch the attention of others.

Safe Ground Sacramento- Figures/schemes/visuals & Perelman

Caleb Calderon

Safe Ground Sacramento 

Safe Ground Sacramento is a program that was created in the California area with its intial intention to stop the incarcerations of homeless individuals and advocate for them to have equal rights just as any other individual would. The program works under the Left wing theory which essentially means that the nature of their argument would be to push a social movement through a program that had a baseline to find a solution to the corrupted system that the homeless found their selves to be in.

This is the Logo that Safe Ground Sacramento works within to present their program as a whole.



Visual- There are lightness of colors as well as darker shades of green that coincide with eachther in the logo. This is the Value that is presented within the colors of the logo that helps signify clarity of the program as a whole as well as Sanity that is brought upon with the clean measure of presentability within it's overall hue.

Type-  The essential style of the logo is carried out through the Bold lettering works alongside the condensing of the lettering as well, which gives the essence of the program's logo an ora of sterness and formalness that could appeal to the niche of any kind, as all types of societal groups' attention are much needed in pushing forward in the movement as a whole.

This is an attachment from the Facebook page of Safe Ground Sacramento. There is a flyer that is meant to be giving a message from a simple phrase that creates guidance to the discourse the argument works within.

Schemes- There is alliteration of consonance that is carried within the phrase itself, as there is a repetition of consonant sounds within "housing" and "handcuffs". Thought the line is very short, the consonance is still relevant to play just the effect needed to make one take into consideration what exactly the movement wants one to take awareness to.

Visual-  I believe that in the flyer particularly presented in the facebook page, the saturation plays a part in it's overall presentability to the audience's take on the flyer.

There is also an abstraction that is clear if you take it from the perspective of where the flyer is set, which is outside on dirt, which makes the setting more realistic rather than just simply digital, the effect of it is to essentially give to the nature of the argument that is demanding of taking notice of what is naturally right which fits well with nature itself.

Type- Of course the Bold lettering is the style that occurs to take on an automatic attachment to one's eyes on the flyer in terms of attention.

https://safegroundsac.org/photo-gallery/ 

Premises- In the discourse that is constantly given throughout the social movement created from the program of Safe Ground Sacramento, it creates the nature of its argument to be pushed on Values of morality. The notion of left wing justice brings upon the essence that everyone, no matter what societal standard that they reside in, must deserve an equal shot at least for their youth if anything, rather than being incarcerated just for not having a place to physically reside in from a day to day basis. It can also be a characteristic that falls under the segment of being unviversal, an appeal that everyone shall connect towards in some way in which it is universally known to help the ones in need in some function or another rather than to get rid or detiorate their status in some way especially if no harm has been caused from them.

The premise outlet of the argument being abstract is also presented throughout Truth and justice that is distinctive in the program's relevance in all of different denominations of churches that it is presented or collaborated through. I have too many to show for this specific blog posts, but with that being said, throughout all of the types of religions that the social movement is tied within through, the overall connective releases a message that it should be naturalised as it is within moral reason to abide by to help the ones in need under any given circumstance reiterated by a number of different religions that even contradict each other often.

Quasi-logical Arguments- 
 There is an analysis that can be brought upon from the website and other areas of that are connective of the program's overall social movement that could be philosphical, for example many of the reasoning given from either churches, flyers, or other platforms that are utilized are functioned within a deontological standard. This standard creates a paradigm that the overall good for all of humanity must reside in human morality that signifies righteousness for the well being of every individual causing no harm what so ever.

Vietnam Perleman/Fallacies/Devices

(Images not working, so citations left in place) Concrete Values http://www.theshockfactor.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/FXJ231667_2.jpg	The posters these protestors are holding up show an argument based on concrete values. There is no mistaking the message of the sign, (other than if the sign has a sexual connotation which wouldn’t be that surprising). The sign is simple, yet vastly effective; don’t go to war, make love with the nations of the world.
Emotional Appeal, Space                 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/b7/0e/1c/b70e1c658be60200a785136b36b59057.jpg	This protestor simultaneously makes an argument while creating a logical fallacy in her argument at the same time. The argument the protestor is trying to make is one of space that relates with the rest of the American people: ‘my son was killed in a pointless war, how long before they take yours?’. That being said, this sign also falls into the territories of emotional appeal, creating an argument based on the emotions of others rather than trying their hardest to make an argument based on logic and reasoning. That being said, the sign is still very effective and definitely raised a few eyebrows
Repetition                https://wynstep.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/vietnam-war-protest-early-70s.jpg	These protestors in union hold up sign to drive home the message using repetition: STOP THE WAR STOP THE WAR STOP THE WAR STOP THE WAR STOP THE WAR “Honey, when do you wanna go home?” AFTER WE STOP THE WAR “Hey guys, I’m hungry, do you want to get something to eat?” AFTER WE STOP THE WAR “Um, sir, you need to pick your daughter up from school.” I’LL PICK HER UP AFTER WE STOP THE WAR.
Time, Slippery Slope https://i.pinimg.com/236x/d2/52/bd/d252bd3ad7d1ad85a3f8b79e45d78db7.jpg	This sign is interesting in that it’s slightly more threatening than the other, as it builds an argument on time with a false sense of urgency using a slippery slope argument. The poster is trying to convince us that if we don’t end the war in Vietnam, it will somehow come over here and endanger us all. This is the same type of mentality used to create most slippery slope arguments, which use a false sense of urgency to create a necessity for itself. Flawed to say the least.
Full Metal Jacket (Kubrick, 1987) http://www.canalecinema.it/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/full-metal-jacket.jpg	Stanley Kubrick’s Full Metal Jacket is a look into the hellish nature of the Vietnam War, from the training camps in which we see a normal man slowly decent into insanity and kill himself, to the actual war in which the dehumanizing effect of war is shown in full force. This poster has a very high contrast, with the background being completely white, the giant amount of open space around the ‘Born to Kill’ helmet, and the eye level shot of the helmet along with the helmet itself being an icon for much of the controversy surrounding the Vietnam War.
Apocalypse Now (Coppola, 1979)	Loosely based on the Joseph Conrad novel Heart of Darkness, Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now was once panned by critics at the time of its release but is now considered to be one of the greatest war epics ever made. All posters for the movie feature the bright red background drawing attention to the practice of napalming which was commonplace during the Vietnam war, along with high levels of abstraction to make the poster look more like a painting than a poster.
Taxi Driver (Scorsese, 1976) https://i.pinimg.com/736x/51/05/2c/51052c7ea4b4e1b83a23f395de4aff06.jpg	Although not inherently a movie about the Vietnam War itself, Taxi Driver takes a look into post-Vietnam society through the eyes of Travis Bickle, a war veteran turned nobody who seeks to try and blend in with society and become somebody. The font on this iconic poster is in bold so there is no mistaking what the title of the movie is, along with a fairly low contrast. Travis’s taxi is among the most noticeable things in the poster, as its bright yellow contrasts with the dark background
The Post (Spielberg, 2017) https://i0.wp.com/teaser-trailer.com/wp-content/uploads/The-Post-New-Film-Poster-3.jpg?ssl=1	Steven Spielberg’s The Post takes a look at the more political side of the Vietnam war with a scandal of classified war documents proving corruption in the Nixon administration being published by the Washington Post. Upon first glance of the poster, it does appear fairly bland, but when you read all the names, the poster literally speaks for itself. Tom Hanks, one of the most critically acclaimed actors of all time, Meryl Streep, among if not the most famous actresses of all time, and Steven Spielberg, one of the greatest directors of all time. The poster prides itself on its credibility which lets the poster speak for itself

Big Pharma Material

Same as the previous blog post, except you also use the ideas from the first two units of the class in elaborations and/or tables -- this means the figures and schemes table and the Perelman/Olbechts-Tyteca and fallacies charts (analyze primary texts/sources made by the movement, like signs, pamphlets, books, websites, tweets, etc.)

Synecdoche

Definition: A part stands in for the whole.

Example: "Give us this day our daily bread."

Why it is This: The word pharma is standing in for the word pharmaceutical industry so like Pfizer and Johnson and Johnson. So they are using that to call out the whole pharmaceutical industry. 

High Contrast 

Definition: Bright lights and dark shadows 

Why: It is this because of the poster being just black and white and those are literally on the opposite ends of the spectrum

Style - Bold 

The typography is bold and in all caps to show the emphasis with the message on the sign. Pharma Greed Kills is already a bold message in itself so making the letters bold helps that.

Isocolon 

Definition: Parallelisms with a similar number of words or syllables 

Why: This one is like the other ones where a lot of the signs are usually just three words. The structure of the signs are the same, very simple and usually just contain 3-5 words on a sign. They are very to the point.

Inclusion 

Definition: Treating something as a part of a larger whole 

Why: This kind of relates to synecdoche in a way, with the term pharma. The term pharma in the signs represents all of the pharmaceutical companies gauging people of money. 

Space
Definition: The frame is dense with figures.
Why: The frame of the protest material is stacked full of money so you have a lot going on and a part of the visual.

Figures - Representationality
Definition: To what extent does the image show "things" we can identify?
Why: The image shows stacks and stacks of money that make up the protest material. The stacks and stacks of money represent the money that "Big Pharma" has taken from its clients. It gives people a visual of how much money they steal.

Style - Bold
Why: The style of the font is bold and shows handwriting. So, it isn't anything formal. But I feel like it makes it look like writing the blood of the patients they have killed on these stacks of money. I know that sounds far fetched but I think it has some legitimacy.

Color - Hue
The color of the writing is red, which stands out against the stacks of money. I think it shows this to show the blood on the money that Big Pharma takes from people. It's the blood of the people calling out to them to drop the price (I know it sounds weird, but I am trying here).

Women's Suffrage pt. 1

Blog Post Analyses of the Women’s Suffrage Movement

For the first two photos, I focused on the visual aspects as there wasn’t much text, but I do feel that the visual aspect can go a long way in analyzing this part of the Woman’s Suffrage Movement.

Rhetorical Devices:

http://cartoonistgroup.com/subject/The-Women%27s+Suffrage-Comics-and-Cartoons.php

Visual: This piece of rhetoric is clearly all visual, but it still has a strong message
Color	Value	Obviously in black and white, but the value of the colors shown here matters. The mental pictures being portrayed are in a lighter color while she is the main focus. All of these acts and roles that women play are less important than the woman wanting the right to vote.
Perspective	Geometric	The depth this image has creates a sense of floating. Like the woman has to float around and play a part in all of these roles, yet still doesn’t have enough respect or enough say in the votes. Even though those jobs are controlled by the votes of the people.
Diagonals	Oblique	The unstableness of the image shows that there is an unstable voting system. Women are feeling pulled every which way without a say in how things work.
Space	Full	The frame is full of images and ideas of what the movement is all about. It seems chaotic and somber all at the same time. Much like how the women were feeling at the time.
Focus	Focalizers	There are many things that pull your eyes across the image. The different scenes being circled and light in color, and the woman in the middle being a darker color focuses her in as well.
Angle	Eye level	We are eye level with every aspect of the image. I feel that it gives the concept a more relatable feeling. Like woman are seeing these things very clearly and somehow we need the men to see this as well.
Genre	Icons	The key to the narrative here is that the woman that is in the center of all the images and ideas is what we really need to focus on. She is surrounded by all these jobs she and other women must do but have no say about, and she is clearly upset about that.
Type: the only type in the image is “SUFFRAGE” on her sash.
Stroke-height ratio	Medium height to width	I believe this is important because it really draws attention to what she is representing. It is big and easily read.
Style	Bold and all caps	The sash is written in bold and all caps, which like stated before, is important because we want to be able to easily tell what is being represented here. I am sure all of the woman can get a feel for what is being represented, but at the time, these arts were intended to persuade men.

 

 

http://starofdavida.blogspot.com/2014/10/jews-and-suffrage-part-4-anti-suffrage.html

Visual
Light	High contrast	On the poster, the words are very high contrast. It may just be because of the times they were living in with the resources they had available, but I believe it really makes the words stand out. It’s simple and sometimes a little goes a long way.
Perspective	Geometric	I feel that the photographer intended for there to be a sense of depth to this photo. There is the mystery in the back in the shop being all blacked out, but we can see what is happening up front. This is much like the movement itself. The background is a mystery, but we can see the forefront of how things seem to be going.
Diagonals	Balanced	The whole photo itself seems to be balanced. It all has very good composition and it gives off a feel that the men are in control.
	Oblique	The poster on the other hand is offset. Some of the words are pulled off to the side and it just kind of looks mixed up. It gives off the vibe of unorganized or kind of just thrown together with out any planning.
Space	Full	There is a lot going on in the overall photo. It creates a sense of chaos and makes you want to look at ALL of the details. From only men being at the opposed booth, to the woman looking on from a distance.
	Full	The poster is full from top to bottom and from side to side. They letters needed to be large to read, and there is no room for more.
Focus	Focalizers	There are three different focalizers that pull your attention across the photo. The first thing you probably notice is the men, then the sign, and finally the woman. The photo was taken this way on purpose. It was meant for you to draw a conclusion from it.
Angle	Eye-level	This photo was taken at eye level so that we can see all that is going on. It creates a sense of being there and experiencing it for yourself. I feel that is important in interpreting photos, being able to see yourself there and feel it.
Type
Stroke-Height Ratio	Medium	The stroke height ratio is medium. I think this is important in analyzing the image because it shows how important they wanted these letters/words to be to the audience.
Stroke weight	Medium/heavy	The letters seem to be dense in stroke as they are needed to be seen and they are important to the “anti” campaign.
Style	Bold and all caps	It’s important to have these attention getters for the campaign no matter what side you’re on.
Family	Serif and sans serif	I feel like the combination of serif and sans serif is important to note. The focus is interchanged between the two statements.

 

https://opinionessoftheworld.com/2010/08/26/womens-equality-day-celebrates-battle-for-womens-suffrage/

Schemes
Repetition		Each sign they are holding is repeating “Mr. President” and it is also repeating the question theme. It emphasizes who they are addressing and who the most important person to address is. The president must address the issue.
Visual
Light	High contrast	Both the banners and the photo itself has high contrast. I believe this shows the importance of the fight and I like the contrast between their dresses and the actual banners.
Perspective	Flat	This photo seems a little flat to me. I really like that it seems this way while the women are protesting. It makes it seem very straight forward about their position on the issue at hand.
Diagonals	Balanced	The banners as well as the image as a whole is very balanced. It seems organized and well thought out.
Space	Open	The top and bottom of the photo has a lot of white space. I like how everything is centered in the middle. It puts the focus on what they are protesting.
Focus	Focalizers	There are two focalizers in this image, and they are both equally as important. The banners are in focus because they are all dressed in black, but the woman are also in focus because of the composition of the image.
Angle	Eye-level	Most, if not all, photos taken during this movement are all eye level. As explained before it creates a nice emphasis on being there with them fighting alongside them. Whichever side they may have been on.
Type
Stroke-height ratio	Medium	This is important because the lettering on the banners needs to be easily read. If it was all cramped, then it would be hard to read.
Style	Bold and all caps	Many of the banners are bold and all caps. It brings attention to the words and it makes it easy to read.
Family	Sans serif	This makes the letters stand out to the crowds. It is more precise and very title like. It makes it seem more important.

 

 

http://library.austintexas.gov/ahc/votes-women-54444

Schemes
Arrangement	Climax	All of these important reasons are in order of importance. With each one they state, it hits you in the feels more and more. It starts off simple and gets more aggressive. This is important to build up the reasons and bring everything together to make the most sense.
Repetition	Anaphora	At the beginning of each reason, “because” is used to add emphasis to those reasons. It makes it feel like the list goes on and on and that there are so many great reasons to allow women to vote. It allows the sense of redundancy to in a way tire them out of the reasons.
	Words	“woman”, “women”, “because”, and “laws” are the most repeated words. It makes it very clear the point that is being made. Women need to vote for the laws they must abide by and the laws that affect their children. They feel that is the only fair way to do it.
Visual
Color	saturation	The color of this document may just be because of the time period, but I think it has some effect. The color has a very “manila folder” feel to it. Kind of professional, kind of obnoxious.
Light	High contrast	The high contrast in this document is important because it keeps the focus on the words. It makes them more clear to the reader and keeps the points being made in the spotlight.
Diagonals	Balanced	The document is balanced. Everything is in the middle and centered and it is all very well organized. It makes sense for it to be that way because the nature of the movement is against woman being not good enough to have a say, this shows how organized and well put together they can be when speaking about government.
Space	Open yet full	The text is all at the middle of the paper which makes it feel open, but there is a lot of text which makes it feel full. There is a lot of information on the document and it is important to not make it feel too intimidating.
Genre	Style	This paper does have a particular style. It is in a way propaganda to get people on the woman’s side. It has that feel to it, kind of like the “I want you” posters during the war.
Type
Stroke-height ratio	Medium	This is important, so it is easy to read. It is not compressed or very wide. It is typical and simple and easy on the eyes.
Style	Mix	There is bold, narrow, and all caps. This is important to emphasize certain parts of the text that need to stand out. And with it feeling narrow, I feel that is creates a sense of urgency.
Family	Serif	Using serif makes if flow from one letter to the next and from one word to the next very smoothly. It keeps your eyes moving across the text. They want to make it easy to read and get people to keep reading and this just helps the flow of the text.
Spacing	Leading	I can see a little bit of leading on this paper. Some of the words have bigger spaces between them than others do. It makes it interesting to read I suppose. It makes it look a little different, or it could possibly have been a mistake.

 

 

Arguments

https://nwhm.org/resources/general/woman-suffrage-movement

https://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/19th-amendment

http://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/WIC/Historical-Essays/No-Lady/Womens-Rights/

https://www.nps.gov/wori/learn/historyculture/womens-suffrage-history-timeline.htm

http://centuryofaction.org/index.php/main_site/News_Articles/year/1912/P155

Fallacies

Black or white	This entire movement was about women wanting the vote and men not wanting them to have it. As in most arguments involving government abs voting, you had the option to be for it or against it and there was no in-between.
Appeal to Ignorance	This one is an important one to the movement. Most men were opposed to having woman vote because they believed they only had a voice inside the home. They thought that they were no smart enough or of authority enough to have a say in the laws or government issues just because they were female. But how would they know they smart in these ways? They used their campaigns and their organizations to prove this to the outside. They opened their eyes.
Straw man	The beliefs of the woman are being attacked, just because they are women. They should be quiet and just do as they’re told. They call out the belief that woman should have a say and then attack it with they are woman and should work in the home.
Appeal to misleading authority (tradition)	History says that woman are not allowed to vote, so these women protesting this. This was one fallacy that was prevalent throughout the whole movement. They wanted to change what people interpreted the constitution to say. The founding fathers said it, so it must remain, right? Wrong.
Ad Hominem	They are all women protesting this! They must be wrong because they have no say.
Appeal to Consequences	This one goes for both sides. Those that were fighting for the vote believed that great things would happen, and those that opposed it believed that bad things would happen.
Bandwagon	In a way this was sort of a bandwagon movement. It started with a small group of women who realized that they needed more from the government and wanted a say. The other woman realized this was totally true and they wanted to join in and soon there were thousands of women across the US demanding the right to vote.
Emotional Appeal	Many of the reasons that the women used were regarding children. This would tug at the father’s heartstrings and make them think tice about who was making the decisions for their children. This might have also been a sexist approach as well, but that’s another story.

 

 

Perelman

Premises
Values	Abstract and specific	Nothing about the movement is based off facts. It is based off values that are put out there by a group of people with kind of an abstract reasoning, but wanting specific outcomes. The specific outcome of the movement generated a more abstract one as well (which I will talk about in the social movement section)
Premise Modifiers
Presence	Time	Although the movement took almost a decade to be successful, those that were for the movement made it feel urgent. There were decisions that needed to be made at each step in the movement. I suppose it was urgent in the individual steps it took to get to the final result.
	Repetition	The movement was all about repetition. Making sure the purpose was heard and engrained in everyone’s minds. It was all about making them aware and making them make faster decisions. For the woman and those women’s children. It was all about a matter of time.
Interpretation	Specific choices	Specific choices were being made by these woman on how they were going to be successful. They didn’t just throw together some random posters or some random marches, they had to plan everything out to be as successful as they could be.
Quasi-logical
Inclusion	Treating as part of a larger whole	The movement wanted the right for women to vote, but embedded within the suffrage movement was equal rights and to have a say outside of the home. It was in a way part of feminism. Standing up for themselves and getting outside of that Victorian era stay at home and mother the children vibe.
Based on Structure of Reality
Decisive	Vote because it will affect victory	This one seemed appropriate. It about voting! But seriously. This movement was made possible because every little thing they did led to a victory. From the letters to the posters to the protests to the marches. The more people to do something the better.
Unlimited development	New developments increase value	With every part to the argument that they added, the movement just got better and better. They came up with new and more involved ideas as time went on and this helped them to win the vote. They kept pushing and adding and getting more involved and it made the movement better for everyone.
Coexistence	Intention	With all of the women that came together to protest and organize this movement, all of their acts and the things they said and did and all the arguments they came up with, revealed that they were all wanting the same things and had the same intentions.
Symbolic Liaisons	Double Hierarchy	I can see a double hierarchy happening here. The men who were opposed and the legislation that was made up entirely of men was a very closely related thing. They were the ones making the decisions and preventing these women from voting.
Establishing Structure of Reality
Example	Event revealed a reality	This movement revealed the reality of the past and what needed to happen in the future. How women were treated before and how they deserve to be treated in the present and future. With each step something new was revealed.
Illustration	Import/presence	This movement opened the eyes to what the constitution was really saying. In a way it strengthened the way we all function as a society. Maybe if just or a little bit. There will always be something wrong.